KHẨU PHẦN DINH DƯỠNG VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN VỚI TÌNH TRẠNG THIẾU MÁU Ở TRẺ EM MẮC BỆNH THẬN MẠN GIAI ĐOẠN G3-5

Abstract

Aims: To determine the prevalence of anemia in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5 and to examine its association with dietary intake.
Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 77 children with CKD stages 3 to 5, aged over 2 years, at Children’s Hospital 2 in 2025. Anemia status was classified according to WHO criteria, and the correlation with 24-hour dietary intake was examined.

Results: The anemia prevalence rate was 77.9%, with 57.1% experiencing moderate anemia; the majority had normocytic, normochromic anemia (72.6%). The study revealed a deficiency in meeting the recommended nutritional intake: 50.7% of children had inadequate energy intake, 13% had insufficient protein intake, and 88.3% had insufficient iron intake. The study found a correlation between anemia status and iron intake from the diet (PR = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.93 – 0.98), p = 0,006. Additionally, a statistically significant relationship was observed between the severity of anemia and the ability to meet dietary iron requirements (PR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.93 – 0.99), p = 0,004.

Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia remains high, with most cases being normocytic anemia. While the majority of children had adequate protein intake, a large proportion did not meet the recommended requirements for energy and iron.