HIỆU QUẢ CỦA CAN THIỆP TRUYỀN THÔNG GIÁO DỤC DINH DƯỠNG ĐỐI VỚI BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG ĐIỀU TRỊ NỘI TRÚ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG HUẾ, NĂM 2025

Abstract

Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable disease with increasing prevalence and complications, posing a significant burden on healthcare systems. Strict glycemic control through proper nutrition is a key component of DM management. Hue Central Hospital has implemented a multidisciplinary nutrition education communication model for inpatients to optimize care and improve patients’ quality of life. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a nutrition education and communication intervention for hospitalized patients with diabetes at Hue Central Hospital.

Methods: This was an interventional study conducted on 202 inpatients with diabetes mellitus at Hue Central Hospital (January–June 2025). Patients were assessed for laboratory indices, nutritional status, knowledge, and behavior before and after a multimodal nutrition education program (lectures, group counseling, leaflets, and individualized guidance). Dietary adherence was reassessed 7 days post-discharge using the PDAQ scale. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20.

Results: Among 202 participants, 52,0% were male, 60,4% were aged ≥65. Post-intervention, nutrition knowledge and behaviors improved significantly (p<0,05). At 7 days post-discharge, 69,8% of patients adhered to dietary recommendations per PDAQ. Females and those with higher income showed better adherence, females had 3,39 times higher odds of adherence compared to males (OR = 3,392, 95%CI: 1,72 – 6,69, p < 0,001), and the income group >10 million VNĐ/month had the highest odds of adherence (OR = 6,05; 95%CI: 2,24 – 16,35; p = 0,000) compared to the income group <5 milion VNĐ/month.

Conclusion: Nutrition education and communication interventions significantly improved knowledge, behaviors, and dietary adherence among patients with diabetes. Scaling up this approach in healthcare settings with simplified content and strengthened post-discharge support could enhance long-term outcomes and patients’ quality of life.