KHẨU PHẦN ĂN 24 GIỜ CỦA BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ VÙNG ĐẦU CỔ ĐANG ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN UNG BƯỚU NGHỆ AN NĂM 2024

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the 24-hour dietary intake of head and neck cancer patients receiving treatment at Nghe An Oncology Hospital in 2024, aiming to determine the balance and adequacy of their energy and essential nutrient intake. 

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 116 patients with head and neck cancer undergoing treatment at Nghe An Oncology Hospital. Dietary data were collected using a 24-hour dietary recall method through direct interviews. Nutrient composition was analyzed using NutriSurvey software and compared with recommended dietary requirements based on age and gender, according to guidelines from the National Institute of Nutrition. 

Results: The proportion of patients meeting the recommended energy intake was 64.7%. The percentages of patients failing to meet the recommended intake for protein, fat, and carbohydrates were 49.1%, 23.3%, and 73.3%, respectively. Among male patients, the most prevalent vitamin deficiencies were vitamin PP (94.7%) and vitamin B1 (85.1%). Among female patients, deficiencies were primarily observed in vitamin B1 (95.5%), vitamin B2 (86.4%), and vitamin PP (86.4%). Furthermore, the proportions of patients not meeting the recommended intake of minerals such as calcium, iron, zinc, and magnesium were 82.8%, 91.4%, 46.6%, and 92.2%, respectively. 

Conclusion: A considerable proportion of patients did not meet their recommended energy and nutrient intake. It is imperative for the hospital to implement individualized nutrition plans to provide patients with an adequate and balanced diet. The rates of patients failing to meet recommended dietary intake were alarmingly high, particularly for energy, protein, vitamins B1, PP, and minerals such as iron, calcium, and and magnesium. Therefore, personalized nutritional care should be prioritized in the clinical management of patients with head and neck cancer.