HIỆU QUẢ TĂNG CƯỜNG ĐA VI CHẤT LÊN TÌNH TRẠNG THIẾU MÁU THIẾU SẮT CỦA TRẺ GÁI TỪ 11-13 TUỔI Ở CÁC TRƯỜNG PHỔ THÔNG DÂN TỘC BÁN TRÚ TỈNH YÊN BÁI NĂM 2019

Abstract

The overall objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of multiple micronutrient supplementation on iron deficiency anemia among female school children aged 11 to 13 years old having -4 <HAZ < -1 in ethnic minority semi boarding secondary schools in Yen Bai province, using WHO classifications for biochemical indicators. A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted among 472 school girls divided into 2 groups. The multi-micronutrient supplement consisted of vitamin A (400 mcg), Acid Folic (150 mcg), iron (15 mg) and more than 20 other micronutrients. Each of the subjects received one tablet everyday x 5 days/week for 6 months. All of the children were dewormed by Albendazole 400 mg at baseline.
Results showed that after 6 months, the average hemoglobin concentration of the intervention group increased by 7.42 ± 9.68 g/L; while that of the placebo group increased by 3.57 ± 12.72 g/L (p<0.001), the median ferritin concentration in the intervention group increased by 2.0 (-11.7 -20.4) μg/L; while that of the placebo group decreased by -0.75(-16.5-15.7) μg/L (p>0.05). The rate of anemia in the intervention group decreased by 39.8% (p<0.001), the rate of iron depletion decreased by 11.3% (p>0.05) compared to the placebo group. Despite of the insignificant difference of iron deficiency after 6 months of intervention, we found that multi-micronutrient supplementation for girls for 6 months was effective in improving biochemical parameters and the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies at different levels.