TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN VỚI KẾT CỤC ĐIỀU TRỊ Ở BỆNH NHI TIM MẠCH NỘI TRÚ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 2

Abstract

Aims: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition according to the WHO 2006 criteria, the risk of malnutrition according to the Vietnamese Pediatric Association (VPA) 2024 screening tool, and their associations with treatment outcomes in hospitalized children aged ≤ 16 years at the Department of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital 2, in 2025.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with follow-up was conducted in 229 hospitalized children from March to August 2025. Nutritional status was assessed using directly measured anthropometric indices and the VPA 2024 screening tool.

Results: The prevalence of chronic malnutrition, acute malnutrition, and risk of malnutrition was 78.6%, 40.2%, and 77.7%, respectively. Children with heart failure had the highest prevalence of malnutrition (p<0.05). Acute malnutrition was associated with increased risks of ICU admission (3.12-fold), parenteral nutrition (2.38-fold), and enteral tube feeding (2.67-fold), while chronic malnutrition was associated with a 2.93-fold higher need for tube feeding. Hospital stays were longer among children with acute malnutrition, chronic malnutrition, or malnutrition risk than among controls (7 vs. 6, 9.5 vs. 5, and 8 vs. 3 days, respectively; p <0.05).

Conclusions: Malnutrition was highly prevalent among hospitalized children with cardiovascular disease and was associated with prolonged hospitalization and increased need for nutritional support.