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NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT HANOI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, 2025–2026
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Abstract
Aims:To assess the nutritional status and identify factors associated with malnutrition among hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 hospitalized patients aged 20 years and older with a confirmed diagnosis of T2DM at Hanoi Medical University Hospital. Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index (BMI) according to the World Health Organization classification for Asian populations and the 2018 Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Factors associated with malnutrition were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.
Results: According to BMI, the prevalence of chronic energy deficiency, overweight, obesity, and normal was 5.9, 50.9, 20.9, and 22.3%, respectively. The GLIM criteria identified an overall malnutrition prevalence of 61.4% (57.3% moderate and 4.1% severe). Multivariable analysis revealed that malnutrition was independently associated advanced age (OR = 1.03, p = 0.027), lack of nutritional counseling (OR = 3.68, p < 0.001), and the presence of two or more comorbidities (OR = 2.53, p = 0.006).
Conclusion: GLIM-defined malnutrition is highly prevalent among hospitalized patients with T2DM and may be underestimated by BMI assessment alone. Advanced age, lack of nutritional counseling, and multiple comorbidities were independently associated with GLIM-defined malnutrition in this population.
Keywords
GLIM criteria, malnutrition, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nutritional counseling.
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