THỰC TRẠNG MỘT SỐ CHẾ ĐỘ ĂN PHỔ BIẾN TẠI VIỆT NAM NĂM 2024

Abstract

Aims: The study was conducted to survey the prevalence of certain dietary patterns by region and ethnicity in Vietnam.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, developed based on defined criteria, tested and adjusted to ensure accuracy and understandability before uploading to Google Forms. The form link was sent to 62 nutrition officers at 62 provincial/municipal Centers for Disease Control via Zalo and email. Officers were given specific instructions on how to fill out and complete the form within a maximum of 30 days.

Results: The study results showed that the usual diet accounted for 100% in all regions of Vietnam, most common among the Kinh ethnic group (98.4%). The religious diet averaged 71%, highest in the Mekong Delta (92.3%) and lowest in the Red River Delta (54.5%), with the Kinh ethnic group applying the most. Festival and vegetarian diets accounted for 75.8% and 82.3%, respectively, common in the delta regions and the Kinh ethnic group (100%). Diet for patients reached 91.9%, highest in the Kinh ethnic group (98.2%), especially in the plains. Weight loss diet accounted for 82.3%, highest in the North Central & Central Coast (85.7%), popular among the Kinh ethnic group. Other diets accounted for 24.2%, unevenly distributed, mainly in the Kinh ethnic group (100%).

Conclusion: The study shows that the regular/normal diet is the most prevalent in Vietnam, especially within the Kinh ethnic community. Belief-based, festival/celebration, and disease-specific diets also have high utilization rates, reflecting the diversity and cultural characteristics in the nutrition of different regions and ethnicities.