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Date Published:
28/04/2025
Online Published:
06/01/2025
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
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1.
NGUYEN HT, TU Q, TONG DM. ASSOCIATION OF ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES, NUTRITIONAL HABITS, AND LIFESTYLE FACTORS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME IN ELDERLY IN NGHE AN PROVINCE. Tạp chí Dinh dưỡng và Thực phẩm. 2025;21(2E):89-101. doi:10.56283/1859-0381/867
ASSOCIATION OF ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES, NUTRITIONAL HABITS, AND LIFESTYLE FACTORS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME IN ELDERLY IN NGHE AN PROVINCE
Main Article Content
Abstract
Aims: To investigate the association of anthropometric indices, nutritional habits, and lifestyle factors with MetS (MetS) in elderly.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 652 elderly residing in two communes of Nghi Loc district, Nghe An province, from September 2020 to October 2021. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to investigate the association.
Results: The strongest associated factors with MetS were increased total cholesterol (OR=25.6, p=0.001), smoking >10 cigarettes/day (OR=4.30, p=0.005), frequent consumption of salty foods (OR=3.20, p=0.012), and dyslipidemia (OR=2.45, p=0.01). The moderately associated factors were found to be smoking >10 years (OR=2.05, p=0.02), consumption of animal fat (OR=1.95, p=0.022), diabetes (OR=1.95, p=0.025). Inactive physical activity, consumption of sweets/sugar, consumption of animal organs, increased blood pressure, and other lipid profile were also factors associated with MetS (OR=1.10-1,85).
Conclusion: There is a significant association of anthropometric indices, lipid profile, and dietary habits with MetS among the elderly.
Keywords
metabolic syndrome, nutritional habits, anthropometric indices, elderly
Article Details
References
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25. Katano S, Nakamura Y, Nakamura A, Murakami Y, Tanaka T, Nakagawa H, et al. Relationship among Physical Activity, Smoking, Drinking and Clustering of the Metabolic Syndrome Diagnostic Components. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. 2010;17(6):644–50. doi: 10.5551/jat.3699.
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27. Shin A, Lim SY, Sung J, Shin HR, Kim J. Dietary Intake, Eating Habits, and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Men. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2009 Apr;109(4):633–40. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.12.015.
28. Onat A, Ceyhan K, Başar Ö, Erer B, Toprak S, Sansoy V. Metabolic syndrome: major impact on coronary risk in a population with low cholesterol levels—a prospective and cross-sectional evaluation. Atherosclerosis. 2002 Dec;165(2):285–92. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9150(02)00236-8.
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31. Dalle Grave R, Calugi S, Centis E, Marzocchi R, El Ghoch M, Marchesini G.Lifestyle modification in the management of the metabolic syndrome: achievements and challenges. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2010 Nov 2;3:373-85. doi:10.2147/DMSOTT.S13860.
2. Vietnam National Institute of Nutrition. National Nutrition Overview Report 2020.
3. Misra Anoop, Khurana Lokesh. Obesity and the MetS in developing countries. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Nov;93(11 Suppl 1):S9-30. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-1595.
4. Hu FB. Dietary pattern analysis: a new direction in nutritional epidemiology. Current Opinion in Lipidology. 2002 Feb;13(1):3–9. doi: 10.1097/00041433-200202000-00002.
5. Dang AK, Le HT, Nguyen GT, Mamun AA, Do KN, Thi Nguyen LH, et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its related factors among Vietnamese people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2022 Apr;16(4):102477. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102477.
6. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2001 May 16;285(19):2486–97. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.19.2486.
7. Vietnam Ministry of Health. Decision No. 5904/QD-BYT dated December 20, 2019, of the Ministry of Health on the promulgation of the professional document "Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and management of certain non-communicable diseases at commune health stations".
8. WHO. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. The Lancet [Internet]. 2004 Jan;363(9403):157–63. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14726171/. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15268-3.
9. WHO Consultation on Obesity (1997: Geneva S, Diseases WHOD of N, World Health Organization. Programme of Nutrition F and RH. Obesity : preventing and managing the global epidemic : report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity, Geneva, 3-5 June 1997. iriswhoint [Internet]. 1998; Available from: https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/63854
10. Vietnam Ministry of Health (2014), Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of endocrine and metabolic diseases.
11. Rosenson R.S. (2024). Patient education: High cholesterol and lipids (Beyond the Basics). Uptodate.
12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US) (2017), Adult Tobacco Use information, General Concepts.
13. Scollo M, Hayes L, Wakefield M. What price quitting? The price of cigarettes at which smokers say they would seriously consider trying to quit. BMC Public Health. 2013 Jul 13;13(1). doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-650
14. World Health Organization (2008), Part 4: Conducting the Survey, Data Entry, Data Analysis and Reporting and Disseminating. WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual, WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.
15. World Health Organization (2008). Part 6: Templates and Forms. WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual, WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.
16. World Health Organization (2020), Salt reduction. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/salt-reduction.
17. World Health Organization. Guideline : sugars intake for adults and children. [Internet]. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2015. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241549028.
18. Hu FB, Willett WC. Optimal diets for prevention of coronary heart disease. JAMA. 2002 Nov 27;288(20):2569-78. doi: 10.1001/jama.288.20.2569.
19. World Health Organization (2008). Part 5: STEPS Instrument. WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual, WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.
20. Rigamonti AE, Cicolini S, Tamini S, Caroli D, Cella SG, Sartorio A. The Age-Dependent Increase of Metabolic Syndrome Requires More Extensive and Aggressive Non-Pharmacological and Pharmacological Interventions: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Italian Cohort of Obese Women. Reimondo G, editor. International Journal of Endocrinology. 2021 Apr 23;2021:1–10. doi: 10.1155/2021/5576286
21. Block A, Schipf S, Van S, Hannemann A, Nauck M, John U, et al. Sex- and age-specific associations between major depressive disorder and metabolic syndrome in two general population samples in Germany. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. 2016 Jun 14;70(8):611–20. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2016.1191535.
22. Cheong KC, Ghazali SM, Hock LK, Subenthiran S, Huey TC, Kuay LK, et al. The discriminative ability of waist circumference, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio in identifying metabolic syndrome: Variations by age, sex and race. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2015 Apr;9(2):74–8. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2015.02.006.
23. Oh SS, Jang JE, Lee DW, Park EC, Jang SI. Cigarette type or smoking history: Which has a greater impact on the metabolic syndrome and its components? Scientific Reports. 2020 Jun 26;10(1): 10467. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-67524-2
24. Santos AC ., Ebrahim S, Barros H. Alcohol intake, smoking, sleeping hours, physical activity and the metabolic syndrome. Preventive Medicine. 2007 Apr;44(4):328–34. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.11.016.
25. Katano S, Nakamura Y, Nakamura A, Murakami Y, Tanaka T, Nakagawa H, et al. Relationship among Physical Activity, Smoking, Drinking and Clustering of the Metabolic Syndrome Diagnostic Components. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. 2010;17(6):644–50. doi: 10.5551/jat.3699.
26. Yoshida J, Eguchi E, Nagaoka K, Ito T, Ogino K. Association of night eating habits with metabolic syndrome and its components: a longitudinal study. BMC Public Health. 2018 Dec;18(1): 1-12. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-6262-3.
27. Shin A, Lim SY, Sung J, Shin HR, Kim J. Dietary Intake, Eating Habits, and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Men. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2009 Apr;109(4):633–40. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.12.015.
28. Onat A, Ceyhan K, Başar Ö, Erer B, Toprak S, Sansoy V. Metabolic syndrome: major impact on coronary risk in a population with low cholesterol levels—a prospective and cross-sectional evaluation. Atherosclerosis. 2002 Dec;165(2):285–92. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9150(02)00236-8.
29. Doyle SL, Donohoe CL, Lysaght J, Reynolds JV. Visceral obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and cancer. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2011 Nov 3;71(1):181–9. doi: 10.1017/S002966511100320X.
30. Morse SA, Zhang R, Thakur V, Reisin E. Hypertension and the Metabolic Syndrome. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 2005 Dec 1;330(6):303–10. doi: 10.1097/00000441-200512000-00008.
31. Dalle Grave R, Calugi S, Centis E, Marzocchi R, El Ghoch M, Marchesini G.Lifestyle modification in the management of the metabolic syndrome: achievements and challenges. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2010 Nov 2;3:373-85. doi:10.2147/DMSOTT.S13860.