Tạp chí Dinh dưỡng và Thực phẩm

EFFECT OF ADVANCED GLYCATION END (AGE) AND ACRYLAMIDE COMPOUNDS, AND FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION HABITS ON HEALTH

2023-07-10T08:30:06+00:00

Đặt vấn đề: An toàn thực phẩm có thể nói đã trở thành một lĩnh vực được quan tâm hàng đầu trong nhiều thập kỷ qua, đặc biệt kể từ khi các thống kê xã hội học cho thấy có mối liên hệ tuyến tính giữa việc gia tăng mắc các bệnh mạn tính với trình độ công nghiệp hóa, trong đó gắn liền với ô nhiễm môi trường và quy mô của thực phẩm chế biến công nghiệp. Nhiều nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra sự hình thành các hợp chất gây ô nhiễm và gây hại đến sức khỏe (acrylamide, AGEs) có trong thực phẩm chế biến ở nhiệt độ cao hết hợp với lối sống không lành mạnh như tiêu thụ sản phẩm nhiều đường và thực phẩm có cồn, làm tăng nguy cơ bệnh tật như đái tháo, béo phì, gan nhiễm mỡ, xơ gan và thậm chí cả bệnh ung thư. Phạm vi và cách tiếp cận: Bài báo này tóm tắt các khía cạnh hình thành acrylamide và AGEs; đối tượng nghiên cứu acrylamide và AGEs hình thành trong quá trình chế biến và bảo quản thực phẩm đã được người tiêu dùng, cơ quan y tế, cơ quan quản lý an toàn thực phẩm và ngành công nghiệp thực phẩm quan tâm. Các chất phytochemical có nguồn gốc từ các loài thực vật khác nhau có khả năng ức chế sự hình thành AGEs nội sinh, góp phần bảo vệ sức khỏe. Các phát hiện và kết luận chính: Nghiên cứu về acrylamide và AGEs có ý nghĩa quan trọng đối với lĩnh vực chế biến thực phẩm và sức khỏe con người. Hiểu được vai trò của các hợp chất có hoạt tính sinh học, hành vi lối sống, phương pháp chế biến thực phẩm và cơ chế biểu sinh đối với acrylamide và AGEs giúp chúng ta hiểu rõ hơn về cách bảo vệ sức khỏe trong tương lai.

INITIAL STEPS OF RESEARCH INDEVELOPING A LATERAL FLOW IMMUNOASSAY KIT FOR RAPID DETECTION OF OCHRATOXIN A IN FOOD

2023-11-11T02:39:04+00:00

Aims: To determine some technical parameters of rapid test strips to detect Ochratoxin A. Methods: Research was conducted at the Department of Military Hygiene, Military Medical Academy. We had optimized a number of test parameters including: pre-treatment of conjugate pads, antibody concentration covering the gold nanoparticles, capture antibody concentration, and running buffer. Determine the technical parameters of test strips manufactured to detect Ochratoxin A, including cross-reactivity, stability, sensitivity, specificity. Results: Antibody concentration of 20 µg/ml covering the gold particle reached saturation state and LOD is 1 µg/ml. The capture antibody concentration was 0.75 mg/ml; Lactose 10% and sucrose 10% enhanced the release of gold particle-antibody complexes through the conjugate membrane. The test strip did not cross-react with standard samples of Aflatoxin B1, Aflatoxin M1, and Patulin at the concentrations tested. Conclusion: The results show that optimizing the parameters are important. Evaluation of the technical parameters of the rapid test strip for Ochratoxin A detection shows that the test strip has sensitivity and specificity at a high level.

DEVELOPMENT OF PROTEIN-RICH FOOD PRODUCTS FROM BROWN RICE, SOYBEAN AND SESAME SEEDS IN VIETNAM

2024-04-20T02:27:02+00:00

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu này tập trung vào việc phát triển công thức làm thanh dinh dưỡng giàu protein sử dụng đậu nành rang, gạo lứt phồng và mè đen nguyên hạt. Phương pháp: Chế biến thanh dinh dưỡng bao gồm việc kết dính các nguyên liệu với hỗn hợp đường thốt nốt và mạch nha, sau đó ép chúng thành các thanh có kích thước (8 x 4 x 1,5 cm), được đóng gói trong bao bì nhôm màng ghép và hút chân không. Đặc tính kết cấu được xác định thông qua độ cứng bằng phương pháp phân tích kết cấu (TPA) trên thiết bị Brookfield (CT34500) và hạn sử dụng được đánh giá bằng phương pháp gia tốc nhiệt (Q10). Kết quả: Kết quả nghiên cứu tìm ra công thức phối trộn phù hợp là FM4, bao gồm 63% đậu nành rang, 17% mè đen nguyên hạt, và 20% gạo lứt phồng (% theo khối lượng). Sản phẩm cuối cùng của thanh dinh dưỡng ứng với công thức này có độ ẩm 4,75 ± 0,02%. Mỗi 100g sản phẩm chứa các thành phần sinh năng lượng như sau: 40,45 ± 0,64g carbohydrate, 25,68 ± 0,12g chất béo và 22,05 ± 0,44g protein, với tổng năng lượng cung cấp là 481,17 ± 0,75 Kcal. Dựa trên chỉ số peroxide (PoV), nghiên cứu dự đoán rằng thanh dinh dưỡng có thể được bảo quản ở 25ºC trong tối đa 113 ngày. Kết luận: Thanh dinh dưỡng giàu protein được làm từ nguồn nông sản dồi dào ở Việt Nam, bao gồm đậu nành, gạo lứt và mè đen nguyên hạt, có thể là giải pháp để tận dụng nguồn tài nguyên nông nghiệp sẵn có nhằm tạo ra một sản phẩm ngũ cốc nguyên hạt giàu dinh dưỡng.

CACHEXIA IN LUNG CANCER PATIENTS AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 103 AND SOME ASSOCIATED FACTORS

2024-06-13T04:38:51+00:00

Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the cachexia status and its associated factors in lung cancer patients. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 97 lung cancer in patients at the Oncology Center, Military Hospital 103, between 2020 and 2021. Results: The prevalence of cachexia in the lung cancer patients was 46.4%. In the multivariable regression models, the factors significantly associated with cachexia included age over 60 years (OR=3.3; p <0.05), NIS symptoms score (OR=1.26; p <0.01), and BMI <18.5 kg/m2 (OR=11.4; p <0.01). The NIS score demonstrated the best ability to screen for cachexia (AUC=0.715; p <0.001) in the lung cancer patients. Among the models combining factors for classifying cachexia, the Model consisted of 4 factors: NIS, BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, male gender, and age ≥ 60, yielding the best diagnostic value (AUC = 0.845; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Malnutrition was common among lung cancer patients. Age, BMI, and NIS score were significantly associated with cachexia. The combination of the associated factors could improve the discrimination of cachexia in lung patients.

WEIGHT LOSS IN PNEUMONIA PATIENTS AGED 6-60 MONTHS TREATED AT CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL 2 AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO LENGTH OF HOSPITAL STAY AND TREATMENT RESPONSE

2024-06-24T00:56:21+00:00

Aims: To determine the rate of weight loss and the relationship between weight loss, length of hospital stay, and treatment response in pneumonia patients aged 6-60 months treated at Children's Hospital 2 (CH2). Methods: A hospital cross-based prospective study was conducted on 208 patients aged 6-60 months diagnosed with pneumonia and treated as inpatients at the Respiratory Department 1 and 2 of CH2 from March to April 2024. Results: The rates of weight loss after 3 days, after 7 days of hospitalization, and at discharge were 27.6%, 38.1%, and 38.0% respectively. The length of hospital stay for children with weight loss ≥ 5% after 3 days of hospitalization and at discharge was longer than for those with weight loss < 5%, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Children with weight loss ≥ 5% after 3 days of hospitalization and at discharge had a poorer treatment response compared to children with weight loss < 5% [(RR (95%CI)= 5.88 (1.71-20.1) and RR (95%CI)= 4.86 (1.95-12.1), respectively (p=0.025 and p=0.001). Conclusion: Regulary monitoring children's weight during treatment and providing nutritional support to prevent excessive weight loss is essential to improve the treatment process and the hospital stay.

NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS OLD IN TWO COMMUNES IN YEN DINH DISTRICT, THANH HOA PROVINCE IN 2022

2024-06-07T09:50:29+00:00

Aims: To identify the nutritional status of children under five years in Yen Tam and Dinh Hoa communes of Yen Dinh district, Thanh Hoa province in 2022. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 733 children aged under 5 years between January and May of 2022 in the communes. The nutritional status of the children was classified using World Health Organization standards in 2006. Results: The stunting rate of the children was 22.1%, of which 19.4% were moderately stunted and 2.7% were severely stunted. 34% of the chilldren suffered from at least one form of malnutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight).The rate of manutrition was higher in boys as compared to girls and the highest rate of malnutrition was found in the group aged 25-48 months. Conclusion: Malnutrition was predominant in the communes, especially stunting. It is important to pose in priotity the interventions to reduce malnutrition rates and focus on solutions to prevent stunting.

PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITION AND RELATED FACTORS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH BILIARY ATRESIA TREATED AT CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL 2

2024-06-02T13:45:58+00:00

Aims: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition and related factors in children with biliary atresia being treated at Children's Hospital 2. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 children with biliary atresia being monitored and treated at the Hepatology Department of Children's Hospital 2 from March to April 2024. Results: The prevalence of malnutrition according to MUAC was 47.7%, stunting was 30.8%, wasting was 12.4%, and malnutrition based on BMI was 10%. Factors related to malnutrition according to MUAC include younger age groups and blood albumin levels. Stunting malnutrition was related to blood albumin levels. Wasting malnutrition was related to Kasai surgery, and younger age groups were related to malnutrition based on BMI. Supplementation with MCT was associated with stunting and BMI based-on malnutrition. Maltose supplementation was associated with all four types of malnutrition. Tube feeding was associated with wasting and BMI based-on malnutrition. Nutritional counseling was associated with stunting. Conclusion: The screening, assessment, and nutritional support for children biliary atresia have not received adequate attention. Regular monitoring of the nutritional status, using both overall anthropometric indices and specific anthropometric indices to early identify the risk of malnutrition in this group. It is important to enhance educational efforts to ensure caregivers recognize the crucial role of nutrition and nutritional counseling for children with biliary and cholestatic jaundice in general.

DEVELOPMENT OF A RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM METHOD FOR GENOTYPING THE ATP2B1 RS2681492 POLYMORPHISM IN VIETNAMESE POPULATION

2023-11-09T10:24:23+00:00

Aims: The rs2681492, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the ATP2B1 gene, has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular diseases and traits including blood pressure, chronic heart failure, and hypertension. The study aimed to develop a PCR-RFLP genotyping method for rs2681492 among the Vietnamese population. Methods and Results: The Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method incorporated optimizations of primers, thermal cycles, and restriction enzymes in a novel restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) approach. To evaluate the accuracy of the PCR-RFLP method, three different genotypes (AA, AG, and GG) were confirmed by gene sequencing. The experimental results determined the annealing temperature of 55°C for PCR and the minimum of 3 units of restriction enzyme HaeII for incubation with the PCR product. Conclusion: This optimal PCR-RFLP method was successfully applied to genotype ATP2B1 rs2681492 in large populations to investigate the association between the rs2681492 polymorphism and cardiovascular diseases.